The overall genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection prevalence appears to be widespread among all age groups of US men, and the HPV vaccination coverage is low, found a data analysis.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the US, as well as a cause of various cancers, and a study has now estimated the overall prevalence of genital HPV infection in men ages 18 to 59.
Male HPV vaccination programs have been available to the public since 2009 and the vaccination rate remains low in the US.
Dr Jasmine J Han, of the Womack Army Medical Centre, Fort Bragg, North Carolina, and co-authors used data for 1,868 men from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2014. Samples were self-collected from penile swabs for HPV genotyping testing.
The overall genital HPV infection prevalence was 45.2%. In vaccine-eligible men, HPV vaccination coverage was 10.7%, according to the article.
The lowest prevalence was 28.9% among men 18 to 22, which increased to 46.5% in the 23 to 27 age group and then remained high and constant in older age groups, the study reports. The authors suggest the finding may reflect the current practice of giving HPV vaccination to younger male age groups.
The study was cross-sectional, meaning it used data from one specific time and therefore cannot establish causality.
“The overall genital HPV infection prevalence appears to be widespread among all age groups of men and the HPV vaccination coverage is low,” the article concludes.
Abstract
Importance: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection that is a major cause of noncervical anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers. Prophylactic HPV vaccine is available for primary prevention. However, the population prevalence data for male genital HPV infection is not well known, while the HPV vaccination coverage is low in the United States.
Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of genital HPV infection and the HPV vaccination rate in the United States among adult men and to examine potential risk factors for HPV infection.
Design, Setting, and Participants: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) samples a representative cross-section of the US population. Men aged 18 to 59 years were examined in mobile examination centers during the NHANES 2013-2014. DNA was extracted from self-collected penile swab specimens, and HPV genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction amplification. Demographic and vaccination information was gathered via self-report during home-based standardized interviews. Binary multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the odds of HPV infection.
Main Outcomes and Measures: The prevalence of genital HPV infection and the HPV vaccination coverage rate among adult men.
Results: During the NHANES 2013-2014, a total of 1868 men aged 18 to 59 years were examined. The overall genital HPV infection prevalence was 45.2% (95% CI, 41.3%-49.3%). The infection prevalence with at least 1 high-risk HPV subtype defined by DNA testing was 25.1% (95% CI, 23.0%-27.3%). In vaccine-eligible men, the prevalence of infection with at least 1 HPV strain targeted by the HPV 4-valent vaccine and HPV 9-valent vaccine was 7.1% (95% CI, 5.1%-9.5%) and 15.4% (95% CI, 11.7%-19.6%), respectively. Among vaccine-eligible men, the HPV vaccination coverage was 10.7% (95% CI, 7.8%-14.6%).
Conclusions and Relevance: Among men aged 18 to 59 years in the United States, the overall prevalence of genital HPV infection was 45.2% (95% CI, 41.3%-49.3%). The overall genital HPV infection prevalence appears to be widespread among all age groups of men, and the HPV vaccination coverage is low.
Authors
Jasmine J Han; Thomas H Beltran; John W Song; John Klaric; Y Sammy Choi
[link url="http://media.jamanetwork.com/news-item/hpv-prevalence-rates-among-u-s-men-vaccination-coverage/"]JAMA material[/link]
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