There were similar rates of disease-free survival and no difference in overall survival among women who received a laparoscopic or abdominal total hysterectomy for stage-1 endometrial cancer, found a University of Queensland study.
Endometrial cancer is the most common gynaecological cancer in developed countries. Standard treatment involves removal of the uterus, tubes, ovaries and lymph nodes. Laparoscopic hysterectomy is associated with less morbidity and results in better recovery than open operations, but it is not known if the operation results in survival outcomes equivalent to abdominal hysterectomy.
Dr Andreas Obermair, of the University of Queensland, Herston, Australia, and colleagues randomly assigned 760 women with stage I endometrial cancer to either total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH; n = 353) or total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH; n = 407).
Disease-free survival at 4.5 years was 81.6% with total laparoscopic hysterectomy vs 81.3% with total abdominal hysterectomy (between-group difference, 0.3%), meeting the prespecified criteria for equivalence (a margin of seven percent or less). There was no statistically significant between-group difference in recurrence of endometrial cancer (7.9% in the TAH group vs 8.1% in the TLH group) or in overall survival (6.8% in the TAH group vs 7.4% in the TLH group).
“These findings support the use of laparoscopic hysterectomy for women with stage I endometrial cancer,” the authors write.
Abstract
Importance: Standard treatment for endometrial cancer involves removal of the uterus, tubes, ovaries, and lymph nodes. Few randomized trials have compared disease-free survival outcomes for surgical approaches.
Objective: To investigate whether total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) is equivalent to total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) in women with treatment-naive endometrial cancer.
Design, Setting, and Participants: The Laparoscopic Approach to Cancer of the Endometrium (LACE) trial was a multinational, randomized equivalence trial conducted between October 7, 2005, and June 30, 2010, in which 27 surgeons from 20 tertiary gynecological cancer centers in Australia, New Zealand, and Hong Kong randomized 760 women with stage I endometrioid endometrial cancer to either TLH or TAH. Follow-up ended on March 3, 2016.
Interventions: Patients were randomly assigned to undergo TAH (n = 353) or TLH (n = 407).
Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was disease-free survival, which was measured as the interval between surgery and the date of first recurrence, including disease progression or the development of a new primary cancer or death assessed at 4.5 years after randomization. The prespecified equivalence margin was 7% or less. Secondary outcomes included recurrence of endometrial cancer and overall survival.
Results: Patients were followed up for a median of 4.5 years. Of 760 patients who were randomized (mean age, 63 years), 679 (89%) completed the trial. At 4.5 years of follow-up, disease-free survival was 81.3% in the TAH group and 81.6% in the TLH group. The disease-free survival rate difference was 0.3% (favoring TLH; 95% CI, −5.5% to 6.1%; P = .007), meeting criteria for equivalence. There was no statistically significant between-group difference in recurrence of endometrial cancer (28/353 in TAH group [7.9%] vs 33/407 in TLH group [8.1%]; risk difference, 0.2% [95% CI, −3.7% to 4.0%]; P = .93) or in overall survival (24/353 in TAH group [6.8%] vs 30/407 in TLH group [7.4%]; risk difference, 0.6% [95% CI, −3.0% to 4.2%]; P = .76).
Conclusions and Relevance: Among women with stage I endometrial cancer, the use of total abdominal hysterectomy compared with total laparoscopic hysterectomy resulted in equivalent disease-free survival at 4.5 years and no difference in overall survival. These findings support the use of laparoscopic hysterectomy for women with stage I endometrial cancer.
Authors
Monika Janda; Val Gebski; Lucy C Davies; Peta Forder; Alison Brand; Russell Hogg; Thomas W Jobling; Russell Land; Tom Manolitsas; Marcelo Nascimento; Deborah Neesham; James L Nicklin; Martin K Oehler; Geoff Otton; Lewis Perrin; Stuart Salfinger; Ian Hammond; Yee Leung; Peter Sykes; Hextan Ngan; Andrea Garrett; Michael Laney; Tong Yow Ng; Karfai Tam; Karen Chan; C David Wrede; Selvan Pather; Bryony Simcock; Rhonda Farrell; Gregory Robertson; Graeme Walker; Nigel R Armfield; Nick Graves; Anthony J McCartney; Andreas Obermair
[link url="http://media.jamanetwork.com/news-item/findings-support-use-of-less-invasive-hysterectomy-for-early-stage-endometrial-cancer/"]JAMA material[/link]
[link url="http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2613158"]JAMA abstract[/link]
[link url="http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2613137"]JAMA editorial[/link]